Firearm.



PATENTED MAY 29, 1906.

C. H. TAYLOR.

FIREARM.

APPLIOATION FILED PEB.14, 1902. RENEWED MAY 24, 1905.

4 8HEETS-SHEET 1.

Draftsman,

PATENTED MAY ZQ, 1906.

C. H. TAYLOR.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 212.14, 1902. RENEWED MAY 24-, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

CECIL HAMELIN TAYLOR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

'lO KNOX TAYLOR, OF HIGH BRIDGE, NEW

JERSEY.

F l R E A R M No. 821,766. Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented May 29, 1906.

A li ation filed February 14, 1902. Renewed May 24. 1905. Serial No. 262,087.

To all 11/77/0171 [1' may concern:

Be it known. that I, CEoiL HAMELIN TAY- LOR, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates primarily to automatic firearms, and it is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as embodied in such a firearm; but it will be understood, nevertheless, that some of the features of improvement are applicable to other firearms, whether automatic or not, and, furthermore, that the several features of improvement are not necessarily embodied in a common structure, some of such features being capable of use independently of other features.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a gun which embodies the invention. Fig. 2 is aplan view of the same, a part of the casing being broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the gun shown in Fig. 1 with some of the internal parts shown in elevation, the barrel being represented in its rearward position and the sliding block in its forward position. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the barrel and the sliding block in their rearward position. Fig. 5 is a rear end view of the un. F ig. 6 is a view in transverse vertica l section in a plane which lies just to the rear of the forward edge of the trigger-arm 7c. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are views in transverse section on the plane indicated by lines 7 7, 8 8, and 9 9, respectively, of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a detail view, in side elevation, of the block and extractor, showing also a portion of the spindle with the wings thereon. Fig. 10 is a view in transverse section on the plane indicated by the line 11) 10 of Fig. 5. Fig. 11

is an enlarged detail view of the spindle-lock.

' groove 0 to glve the spmdle a quarter-turn Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail view of the spindle-socket. Fig. 13 1s a front end view of the same. Fig. 14 is a section on the plane indicated by the line 14 14 of Fig. 12. Figs. 15 and 16 are views in plan and side elevation, respectively, of the cartridge-extractor. Fig. 17 is a view in front elevation of the bolthead, showing one form of cartridge-stop. Figs. 18 and 19 are front and side views, re-

spectively, of the bolt-head, showing another form of cartridge-stop. Fig. is a detai view of the tri ger. Figs. 21, 22, and 23 are enlarged detai views illustrating the gunsight.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings the barrel a of the gun is secured in housings a and a having bearings a and a on the frame a of tho-gun, it

being permitted to have a slight horizontal movement in said hearings in t e usual manner. Preferably the barrel is provided with a water-jacket a, supported by the frame a which may be of any desired construction.

A block. b is provided with radial flanges b, that reciprocate in grooves 1)", formed in the casing b, which is constructed so that the axis of the block shall be above and to one side of the axis of the barrel. The block is normally held in its forward or firing position by a spring I), arranged between the block and the end of the casing. The block is provided with a handle b which preferably projects through a slot I), provided in the top of the casing, so that the block may be drawn by hand into its rearward or cocked position. A spindle c is held to the block so as to move longitudinally therewith and to be rotatable. independently thereof in one direction by means of a yoke-shaped lock 0, as shown in, Fig. 11, seated in perforations in the block, said lock being provided with lugs c on its sides to engage ratchet-teeth c on the spindle and with the catches c on its ends to snapunder the block and normally prevent the lock from being withdrawn. The spindle extends beyond the block in both directions,

and the rearward portion is provided with oppositely-inclined cam-grooves and c and fits snugly in a socket or thimble d, as shownin Fig. 12, secured to the rear end of the'casing. Said thimble is provided with one or more inwardly-projecting studs (1, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, that engage in the camforward when it is moved rearwardly and in the opposite cam-groove 0 to give the spin dle another quarter-turn forward when the spindle moves forward.

In order that the sudden twisting of the spindle 0 may be cushioned in the socket din 0rd e1 to avoid possible rupture of the studs the socket may be slitted longitudinally or spirally for a portion of its length, as 59.0mm at d inI igs. 12 and 14. Preferably a u 65 barrel, so that when thespin small stiff buffer-spring d is mounted on the end of the spindle, which engages the end of the thimble to lessen or prevent the jar that would otherwise occur and coacts with the 5 spring I) to return the block to its forward position. The forward portion of the spindle is, provided with oppositely-arranged grooves c to engage the cartridges which are "fed to the gun. Preferably the cartridges [0 are held in a belt 6, (see dotted lines, Fig. 8,) which moves through the cartridge-passage formed by the spindle and a curved guideplate f. Said guide-plate is provided with flangesf andf that are arranged out of line IS with each other, so that the-flange f shall stand in rear of the second cartridge in the belt and form an abutment therefor, whereby such cartridge holds the belt during the withdrawal of the first cartridge therefrom, the first cartridge being held from forward movement by the flange j, which stands in front of the rim. or lip of such cartridge.

The cartridge-extractor g, Fi s. 3, 4, 15, and 16, which is secured to the b ock, is split to give its members suflicient elasticity and is provided at its forward end with upwardlyprojecting lugs or ears g. The edges of the upwardly-projecting lugs or ears g are bent toward each other to form cam hooks or 0 catches g to snap over and engage the rim of the cartridge to withdraw it from the belt. The rearward end of the extractor is provided with a downwardly-projecting lug or ear g and lateral downwardly-projecting lugs or 3 5 ears .9, which normally engage an annular flange h on the rear end of a rotating lockingbolt h, mounted on the firing-pin, and holds the same in its forward or cartridge-receivingposition. The locking-bolt is released, so

that it may have longitudinal movement with respect to the firing-pin just before the closing of the breech through contact of the parts g of the extractor with the slightlyflattened top edges of the breech-housing (1- 5 (shown in Fig. 7,) the extractor being thereby lifted, so that the ears g are disengaged from the flange h of the bolt h, leaving the latter free for the relative forward movement of the firing-pin. In the beginning of the rearward movement of the block the parts 9 rotate down from the top ed es of the breechhousing and the ear g rops behind the flange h, as shown in Fig. 4. Said lockingbolt is provided on its front face with an undercut groove b to receive the cartridge from the extractor and hold it during the forward movement of the bolt to insert it into the barrel of the gun. downward from the extractor into the locking-bolt by means of radial cam-wings 0 secured to the spindle just in front of the extractor, the extractor being placed a little to one side of the axis of the spindle and in the vertical plane'passing through the axis of the dle is rotated The cartridge is fedthrough the half-turn of the cam-wings bearing upon the cartridge held by the extractor it will thrust it downward from the extractor, so that its rim is caused to enter the undercut groove 71?, formed on the front of the locking-block, which is then in position to re ceive it, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The rear wall of the groove h is cut away at the bottom, as shown at h in Fig. 4, to facilitate the disengagement of the empty shell and its ejection through the opening I). in the under side of the casing. Friction-stops b may be provided to center the loaded cartridge by engagement with the body, as indicated in Fig. 17, or the engagement with the rim, as indicated in Figs. 18 and*19.

The firing-pin i is rigidly secured to the block b and may be conveniently secured thereto and yet be removed when desired by means of flat hooked fingers '11, which extend from the rear end of the firing-pin through a square aperture b in a depending lug b of the block b. The hooked fingers spring outward to engage the lug, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The point 11 0f the firing-pm is adapted to project throughacentral aperture in the bolt h to make contact with the cartridge .in the usual manner. The body of the firingpin, upon which the bolt 72, is mounted to rotate, is formed with an inclined groove 1? to be engaged by a lug or rib 7?, formed on'the bolt It, so that said bolt h receives a partial rotation as it is moved longitudinally with relation to the firing-pin. In such partial rotation of the bolt h at or near the limit of its forward relative movement the head of the bolt turns into recesses 07, formed within the breech-housing a, through the slot a therein, a stop-pin a being fixed in one of the recesses to limit the movement of the head of the bolt.

The trigger 7c (shown in detail in Fi 20) is preferably formed as a three-armed lever, one arm is constituting the sear to engage a shoulder b, formed on theside of the block I), while a second arm k operates to control the speed of return of the spindle c, the arm k being formed with a wing is fitting closely against the wall of the casing and adapted to cover a port k, which is connected by a pipe k with the rear end of the socket-piece d. When the trigger is in its normal position, the port is is closed by the wing k and the escape of air through said port is prevented, whereby the socket (1 becomes a dash-pot to retard the movement of the spindle 0; but when the trigger is in its retracted position for firing the port is uncovered by the wing 75 and the air therefore moves freely through said port in and out of the socket. The trigger-arm 7c is formed with an angular cut is, as clearly shown in Fig. 20, that it may yield slightly in.

one direction to permit the lug b on the block b to push the end of the sear k as the block moves to the rear, but may be PIfiiC' IIO tically rigid and therefore insure positive motion when the pressure of the fingers is applied to the finger-piece k of the trigger-arm. A safety device is applied to the triggerguard Z, such safety device comprising a bellcrank lever m, which is pivoted in the triggerguard and has a short arm m, standing normally in the path of the finger-piece k of the trigger, and an arm m provided with a thumb-piece m which projects throu h the wall of the guard. A spring m is app Led to the lever to hold it normally in its locking position, so that pressure must be applied to the thumb-piece before the trigger can be retracted to discharge the gun.

The barrel 0. is arranged to have a limited movement of recoil with reference to the frame of the gun. Preferably the barrel is secured rigidly to the housing a, as by means of a screw-threaded engagement, and the housing moves with relation to the frame. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a stud n is carried by the frame or casing of the gun and enga es a slot n in the head of the housing a to limit the movement of the barrel. In order that the stud may be cushioned somewhat in order to avoid rupture, it is preferably secured to the end of a finger 17. which may be formed by bending an extended strip of the casing backward upon itself, the radius of the bend being sufficient to give a slight deree of elasticity, so that the stud n, which is fixed in the end of such finger, will yield slightly with the movement of the barrel in either direction. A sprin 0, which may have one end secured to the casing, is applied to the rear end of the barrel, or rather of its housing, to return the barrel to its forward position after the recoil.

In Figs. 21, 22, and 23 of the drawings is represented in detail a convenient form of gun-sight, which is shown in position at p in Figs. 3 and 4. The body 1) may be stamped up out of sheet metal, having its edges 19 up turned and its end bent over upon itself, as at 12 to form a hinged joint. A central aperture p and two lateral apertures 12 are formed in thebody part, the latter being in the upturned sides, respectively. A slide 72, having itsends slitted and bent, as at 2), to form suitable friction devices, is sprung into engagement with the body part, upon which it may be moved readily in either direction.

In the operation of the gun the belt e, having the cartrid es in place therein, is introduced, the bloc I) being in its forward position. The first cartridge in the belt being in the position shown in Fig. 8, with its rim lying in the rear of the flange and engaged by the jaws g of the extractor g, the cartridge lying in one of the longitudinal grooves of the forward portion of the spindle c, the block b is withdrawn by hand, withdrawin the car tridge from the belt. As the bloc reaches the sear 7c, the spindle receives a quarter turn forward through the cooperation of the camoove c with the lugs d of the socket d, and t e cam-wing c, which is secured to the spindle and is arranged to exert pressure on the cartridge in a vertical plane, thrusts the cartridge downward from the extractor g'into engagement with the bolt 72., the rim of the cartridge entering the undercut groove k of the face or head of the bolt. If the trigger is now retracted and the block b is allowed to move forward under the impulse of the spring I)", the cartrid e which is held by the bolt in line with the arrel will be carried forward and introduced into the barrel. As the head of the bolt h enters the slot in the end of the barrelhousing and is brought to rest against the end of the barrel the bolt receives a partial forward rotation throu h the action of the cam-groove i on the firing-pin, which continues its forward movement, being carried by the block b. The partial rotation of the bolt effects the locking of the same in position at the rear end of the barrel, and it is obvious that unless and until the bolt is thus locked in position through its partial rotation the firing-pin 'i cannot advance with relation to the bolt far enough to make contact with and explode the cartridge. As the block 1) moves in the manner ust described the spindle receives another quarter-turn forward, advancing the next cartridge in the belt into position to be grasped by the extractor in the manner already described. The recoil of the barrel upon the explosion of the cartridge gives a backward impetus to the block I) through the bolt h and the firing-pin i, the relative movement of the firing-pin and bolt causing the partial backward rotation of the bolt sufficient to disengage it from the housing. The impetus imparted to the block b is sufficient to compress the spring I) and to return the block and its connected parts to the cooked position. The shell of the last-exploded cartridge being still engaged by the head of the bolt h is withdrawn from the barrel, and when the parts reach the position represented in Fig. 4, at which time the spindle 0 receives a further quarter-turn, the fresh cartridge which is then forced down by the second cam-wing c itself forces the empty cartridge from the head of the bolt and such empty cartridge-shell falls from the gun through the opening at I). Should the empty shell stick in tl. head of the bolt, its rim resting against the incline h, it will be forcibly ejected means of such incline at the next forward movement of the parts, the forward end of the shell then striking a ainst the lower portion of the housing of the arrel. It is obvious that the above-described cycle of operation will be repeated automatically as long as the trigger is held in its retracted position. As already described, the speed of its rearmost position, in which it is held by he block b and its connected parts is controlled by the position of the win k of the trigger with reference to the port the aircushion which is formed in the socket-piece d when such port is partially or completely closed reducing the speed of movement of the block. If the trigger is retracted as far as possible, the port is opened completely, and the resistance to the return of the block is therefore reduced to its minimum, the speed of the return of the block being then at its maximum. Under these conditions the buffer-springd at the end of the spindle comes into play, decreasin the shock and increasing the velocity of t e forward movement of the block and spindle.

I claim as my invention 1. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating, rotatable cartridge-feeder, grooved longitudinally to engage and feed the cartridges transversely, a reciprocating breechblock having a bearing for said feeder, means to reciprocate said feeder, and means to rotate said feeder as it is reciprocated.

2. In a gun, a cartridge-feeding device hav ing a reciprocating block, a cartridge-feeder rotatable in said block and reciprocating therewith, and means whereby the rotation of the cartridge-feeder is effected through said reciprocation.

3. In a gun, a reciprocating block and a cartridge-feeder grooved longitudinally to engage the cartridges, one of said parts having a bearing on the other of said parts and being movable in said bearing, and devices whereby a rotary movement of said feeder is derived through the reciprocation of said block, the rotation of said feeder effecting a feeding of the cartridges in a direction transverse to the gun and the reciprocation of said block effecting a feeding of the cartridges in alongitudinal direction.

4. In a gun, the combination of a block, a feed-spindle grooved longitudinally to engage the cartridges rotatable therein, a relatively non-rotatable part, said spindle and non-rotatable part having relative longitudinal movement, and means on the spindle coacting with means on said part to rotate the spindle.

5. In a gun, the combination of a block,'a feed-spindle rooved longitudinally to engage the cartridges rotatable therein, a relatively non-rotatable part, said spindle and non-rotatable part having relative longitudinal movement, a camroove and coacting lug one on the spindle, the other on said nonrotatable part to rotate the spindle.

6. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, a longitudinally-grooved feedspindle rotatable therein and provided with a cam at one end, means for reciprocating said block and spindle and means engaging with said cam to rotate the spindle as the same is reciprocated.

7. In a gun, the combination of a rotatable longitudinally-grooved feed-spindle, a part relatively non-rotatable said feed-spindle being longitudinally movable, and means elastically supported by one of said parts to effect the rotation of said spindle.

8. In a gun, the combination of a rotatable longitudinally-grooved feed-spindle, a part relatively non-rotatable, said feeding-spindle being longitudinally movable, and means el astically supported by one of said parts to effect rotation of said spindle.

9. In a gun, the combination of a rotatable longitudinally grooved feed-spindle, a relatively non-rotatable part, said feeding-spindle being longitudinally movable, a cam on one of said parts, a lug on the other part engaging said cam, the lug being mounted elastically to cushion its contact with the cam.

10. In a gun, the combination of a rotating and reciprocating part having a cam-surface, and a relatively fixed lug to coact with said cam to rotate said part, said lug being supported elastically to cushion the contact between it and the cam.

11. In a gun, the combination of a rotatable part, a bearing therefor, and a lock engaging said rotatable part and its bearing to limit the longitudinal movement of said part and prevent its rotation in one direction with respect to the bearing.

12. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating part, a rotatable feed part mounted on said reciprocating part, and a lock engaging said parts to hold the same against relative longitudinal movement and prevent the rotation of the rotatable part in one direction.

13. In a gun, the combination of a block, a feed-spindle mounted in said block and rota table independently thereof, and a spindlelock engaging said feed-spindle and block to hold said spindle against longitudinal movement and prevent rotation thereof with relation to the block in one direction.

14. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, a spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having longitudinal grooves to engage the cartridges, and means whereby said spindle is rotated partially at each reciprocation of the block.

15. In a gun, the combination of a reciproc'ating block, an extractor mounted on sa d block, a spindle mounted to' rotate in said block and having longitudinal grooves to engage the cartridges, and means whereby said spi dle is rotated partially at each reciprocation of the block.

16. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, an extractor mounted thereon, cartridge-feeding means, a cartrldge-belt guide and flanges offset from each other to engage the rims of the cartridges in the belt, one in front of said rims and the other behind the same.

17. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, an extractor mounted on said block, a spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having longitudinal grooves to engage the cartridges, a cartridge-belt guide having flanges to engage the rims of the cartridge, and means whereby the spindle is partially rotated at each reciprocation of the block.

18. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, a cartridge feeding spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having a cam-groove, and a sleeve having a lug to engage saidcam-groove.

19. In a gun, the combination of a block, a cartrid e-feeding spindle mounted to rotate in said lock and having a cam-groove, and a sleeve having a lug to engage said camgroove, said sleeve being slitted to give the lug a yielding support.

20. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating block, a cartridge-feeding spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having ratchet-teeth formed within its bearing in the block, a lock engaging said block and the ratchet-teeth of the spindle to prevent rotation of the spindle in one direction, and means whereby the spindle receives a partial rotation at each reciprocation of the block.

21. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, a

block, an extractor on said block, a firing-pin on said block, a breech-bolt mounted on said firing-pin and adapted to engage a cartridge, and means for feeding a cartridge from said extractor to said bolt.

22. In a gun, the combination of a barrel, a breech-bolt having a rotary and longitudinal movement and having devices to engage and guide a cartridge, a non-rotary extractor and means for feeding a cartridge from said extractor to said bolt.

23. In a gun, the combination of a breechbolt havin a rotary and longitudinal movement and Iraving an undercut groove in its face to receive a cartridge, a non-rotary extractor and means for feeding a cartridge from said extractor to said groove.

24. In a gun, the combination of a breechbolt having a rotary and longitudinal movement and having devices to engage and guide a cartridge, a guide to en age said bolt and prevent rotation thereof dhring a portion of its reciprocation, a non-rotary extractor and means for feeding a cartridge from said extractor to said bolt.

25. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocatin block, an extractor on said block, a breec -bolt reciprocating with said block, a spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having a cam for feeding a cartridge from the extractor to the bolt, and means for rotating said spindle.

26. In a un, the combination of a reciprocating bloc an extractor on said block, a firing-pin carried by said block, a breech-bolt mounted on said firin -pin, a spindle mounted to rotate in said block and having a cam for feeding a cartrid e from the extractor to the bolt, and means or rotating said spindle.

27. In a gun,'the combination of a reciprocatin block, a spindle mounted to rotate in said block and provided with longitudinal cartridge receivin 'rooves, an extractor mounted on said b loc a breech-bolt reciprocatin with said block, a cam on said spindle for eeding a cartridge from the extractor 21(1) the bolt, and means for rotating said spin- 28. In a gun, the combination of an extractor, a spindle having a cam for feedin a cartridge from the extractor and means or rotating said spindle.

29. In a un, the combination of a reciprocating bloc r, a spindle mounted to. rotate in said block and having longitudinal cartridgereceiving grooves, an extractor mounted on said block, a cam on said spindle for feeding a cartridge from said extractor, and means or rotating said spindle.

30. In a gun, the combination of a frame or casing, a barrel having a limited reciprocation in the frame or casing, and a stop for said barrel consisting of a strip of the casing turned backward upon itself and engaging the barrel at its free end, whereby the movement of the barrel is cushioned.

31. In a gun, a trigger having a sear-arm and an operatingarm, one of said arms having a relative springing movement in one direction, and provided with a stop to prevent springing movement in the opposite direction.

32. In a gun, a trigger having a sear-arm and an operating-arm, said operating-arm being flexible in one direction and provided with a stop to prevent springing movement in the opposite direction.

33. In a gun, a trigger having a sear and an operating-arm, said arm having a slit cut therein to render the arm flexible in one direction only and provided with a stop to prevent springing movement in the opposite direction.

34. In a gun, the combination of a bolt having devices to engage and guide a cartridge, a spindle having wings or cams for feeding the cartridge engaged and guided by said devices, and means to rotate said spindle.

35. In a gun, the combination of a reciprocating bolt having devices to engage and guide a cartridge, a reciprocating spindle having wings or cams for feeding the cartridge engaged and-guided by said devices, means for rotating said spindle, and means for reciprocating said bolt and spindle.

This specification signed and witnessed this 1 1th day of February, A. D. 1902.

CECIL HAMELIN TAYLOR.

In presence of ANTHONY N. JESBERA, -i W. B. GREELEY.

IIO 

